EMC
A community for the growth and exchange of knowledge in engineering and technology
This page will look at the issues that are effecting EMC today. If you would like to contribute please email your Professional Network Manager, abennett@iee.org.uk. To discuss these or any other issues with fellow EMC engineers please follow this link to the PN discussion boards.
For Discussion......
You are invited to read the following views submitted by Richard Marshall, Consultant on Power-line and Digital Subscriber Line Telecommunications and then click through to the discussion forum to cast your own opinion....
PLT and xDSL are schemes for transmitting high speed internet data into homes and small businesses over the existing mains distribution and plain-old-telephone (POT) cables. Both appear to offer increased revenue from existing investments, but bring the threat of large-scale disruption to existing radio services since the cable systems involved were designed and installed without any consideration of their leakage of radio-frequency energy.
The proposed spectrum usage covers the long, medium, and shortwave bands up to 30MHz which are used by national and international broadcasting, aeronautical, maritime, military, emergency and amateur services. A particular problem would be that interference might be experienced thousands of miles from the source due to ionospheric reflection. The development raises issues of environmental pollution and the freedom of the individual to receive radio communications.
Multi-carrier transmission is proposed to overcome the severe attenuation-frequency characteristics of the cable medium and to allow the omission of specific frequencies known to be vulnerable to ingress or egress. However, the overall wideband characteristic means that present-day radio interference standards are inappropriate - and the cables, being passive devices, are outside the scope of todays product EMC standards.
After trials of PLT in Manchester the UKs Radiocommunications Agency revised their standard MPT1570, establishing the applicability of limits to emission from cabled distribution systems that discouraged further development of PLT in this country - but xSDL roll-out has continued albeit with difficulties. See "BT plans meet with interference" by Raymond Snoddy, The Times, 16th September 2000. Germany has set somewhat more relaxed standards, and although Siemens have withdrawn from the market PLT trials backed by other Companies are underway there with strong government backing - see IEEE Practical Paper, Megabits per second on 50 Hz Power Lines? Diethard Hanse, Euro EM Services (EES).
Protests from Radio Users - see http://www.qsl.net/rsgb_emc/emcplc.pdf have lead the European Community to assign reassign responsibility for PLT and xDSL emission standards. Draft terms of reference are currently under discussion in Cenelec - document reference CLC(SG)862 May 2001.
This is a field that urgently needs a better design and engineering appreciation of how to minimise common-mode coupling on existing cables. Considerable thought needs to be applied to the principles of standards for broad-band interference. New modulation methods and protocols may be needed to minimise the additive properties of emissions from large networks.
Richard Marshall 27/09/2001
To contribute your ideas on this or view others opinions please join in the online discussion forum. in the EMC technology discussion area.
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Educational Resources.
Reverberation Chambers
These web pages are intended to serve as an introduction to Reverberation Chambers and their applications in the field of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). It is hoped that they will be a useful resource to both practising EMC engineers considering whether to use reverberation chambers, and practising researchers. It has been assumed that readers already have a basic knowledge of EMC and its associated test and measurement standards.
We would be pleased to hear what you think about this online resource, so please send any feedback to the PN Administrator Susie Eva.
EMC-Related Functional Safety
There are huge loopholes in safety and EMC regulations and standards, at least in the commercial, medical and industrial worlds.
Where errors or malfunctions in electronics due to electromagnetic interference could possibly have safety implications, the resulting hazards and risks can fall through these loopholes, leaving users at risk from unsafe products or systems, and suppliers at financial risk from liability lawsuits and product recalls.
This issue is known as EMC-Related Functional Safety and this Educational Resource looks at this issue and provides a comprehensive list of documents and links to websites dealing with EMC-Related Functional Safety. Browse this list, by following the link
http://www.iee.org/OnComms/pn/EMC/EMCandFunctionalSafety.cfm
The Radiocommunications Agency has awarded a contract to Richard Marshall Limited relating to CISPR14-1, the international and European Standard that controls the RF emission characteristics of Household Appliances, electric tools, dispensing machines and Toys (But NOT Computers, Lighting, or Audio).
The contract objectives are:-
* To propose what technical and editorial changes are required to make CISPR14-1 relevant to the modern domestic EMC environment.
* To propose how the document should be re-structured and re-written to make it easy to understand and implement while minimising the scope for mis-interpretation.
* To write a paper on the above suitable for presenting to a CISPR committee or conference in order to initiate an informed international debate.
If anyone in the UK can make a useful input to this study they should email or write accordingly including full call-back details. We particularly solicit the views of USERS and examples of excessive product cost or evidence of interference problems attributable to the existing standard.
This phase of the contract is to be completed by the first week of February, so please reply ASAP.
Richard Marshall MA, CEng., FIEE
Director, Richard Marshall Limited
The Dappled House, 30 Ox Lane, Harpenden, Herts. AL5 4HE UK
Phone: +44 (0) 1582 460815
email: richard.marshall@iee.org
website: www.design-emc.co.uk
Foresight A chance to Influence the Future.
The Governments Foresight Programme has come up with a list of science and engineering topics. These topics represent potential long term threats or opportunities for which science and technology holds the key. Some of the topics will be chosen to become Foresight Projects, with the overall aim of exploiting the technology for the benefit of the UK. Foresight is asking the IEE for our opinion of their topics and for alternative topic suggestions. To get involved and influence which topics are chosen CLICK HERE.
From Concept to Completion - a Guide to EMC Management.
This guide highlights the responsibilities and obligations placed on manufacturers of apparatus (ie electrical and electronic components, finished products, systems and installations) that fall within the scope of the European Commission's Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC. It provides an internal EMC code of practice and quality assurance system which can be referred to during the design, procurement, production, development and approval stages of the apparatus development life-cycle and beyond, thus ensuring that EMC engineering practices are considered throughout the development process.
The particular approach taken will have to be tailored for each apparatus type and for the compliance route, from components to finished products, to systems and to installations, but should in general be applicable to variants of a particular apparatus type.
EMC - a Practical Guide to Product Design and Certification.
Electrical and electronic devices, equipments and systems must be able to function satisfactorily in their electromagnetic (EM) environment, without introducing intolerable EM disturbances to anything else in that environment. Now that legislation is in place, it is even more important that electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) should be an integral part of the production, design and development programme thus avoiding the need for expensive, less effective retrospective action.
NPL urges UK electrical Manufacturers to implement
New International Legislation
The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) has launched a new harmonics and flicker website www.npl.co.uk/npl/cem/dclf/harmonics_flicker.html to provide detailed information on two new IEC standards. The IEC61000-3-2 standard was introduced to impose limits on the harmonics drawn by electrical appliances from the mains supply. The IEC61000-3-3 standard was also created to limit the levels of flicker that can be induced by electrical appliances.
The site offers information on the causes, effects and measurement of current harmonics and flicker. It gives guidelines for adhering to these new standards and explains the use of sampling systems to analyse and measure non-sinusoidal waveforms of this type. It also describes the methods developed at NPL to provide accurate traceable calibration for power analysers used in flicker and harmonics measurements.
Paul Wright, Principal Research Scientist at NPL explained, "Our website is there to help electrical manufacturers to take prompt action. They need to carry out a type test on electrical appliances in which the current harmonics and flicker is measured by using a Power Analyser calibrated in a traceable manner. Traceable calibration for these Harmonic and Flicker Analysers is crucial and NPL now offers UKAS accredited calibration service for these Analysers."
Failure to meet the harmonic standard can prevent manufacturers gaining access to new markets and can lead to delays in the production and marketing of new products. In some case, this can lead to costly redesign and delays in marketing a new product. When a product fails, particularly in "border-line cases", attention is drawn to the Analyser, as it is crucial that it gets calibrated in a traceable manner.
For technical enquiries and further information please contact Paul Wright at NPL on 020 8943 6367 or by e-mail at paul.wright@npl.co.uk
IEE position statement on Possible Biological Effects of Low-Level EM fields release May 2002 by IEE Policy Advisory Group,
There is still no convincing scientific evidence of harmful effects on humans from low-level electromagnetic fields (EMFs) associated with power lines, despite the very large volume of work published over the past 20 years.
Because much less data exist in the area of higher frequencies, however, it feels that further research is needed and supports the work being carried out under the UK Mobile Telecommunications and Health Research Programme.
Fact File on "EMF and health" released March 2001
DTI Report on the effectiveness of various mobile phone radiation shields.
In May 2002 a report was published which looked into the effectiveness of various types of mobile phone radiation shields. The report was commissioned by the DTI in response to the recommendation made by the Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phone (Stewart Report, May2000).
Power Quality in European Electricity Supply Networks
New EUROELECTRIC report, February 2002
As one of the most essential bases for todays life for business as well as for private life electricity appears as a resource worthwhile to enjoy utmost protection in the sense of maintenance of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The measurement results presented in this report show that continuous care for EMC in the supply networks is needed. Although the standardised compatibility levels for the different phenomena within the field of power quality are still not exceeded in general what correlates with the results from other surveys this issue is to be considered in a differentiated way. The development of the past years may be summarised in the following recognitions:
During the past ten years a steady increase of the harmonic levels can be recognised, causing increasing costs which may be counted in hundreds of B$ worldwide. When considering appropriate measures to maintain EMC, the cumulative effect of equipment and systems is to be considered.
The mean values of flicker are generally quite low compared with the compatibility level; beside the excession of the compatibility levels by maximum flicker levels, some cases of excession have been identified in some networks.
Voltage dips get an increasing importance for the functionality of electrical equipment, facing an increasing sensitivity against that phenomenon. Appropriate measures on the equipment side allow cost-effective mitigation.
If considering changes concerning the recent building of standardisation concerning EMC, related to procedures as well as to limits and requirements, careful consideration of the consequences of such changes are indispensable.
Cost Benefit Analysis on the Draft Amendment of the EC Directive on Electromagnetic Compatibility -
Final Report - January 2002
Prepared for the Directorate-General Enterprise of the European Commission,
By T Fenn, J Vernon and M Postle, Risk & Policy Analysts Limited
The EMC Directive (89/336/EEC) was adopted on 1 January 1992. All electrical and electronic apparatus marketed in the European Economic Area (EEA)1 must satisfy the requirements of the Directive and carry CE marking. The EMC Directive potentially affects around 800 million products that are placed onto the EEA market each year, with an estimated value of approximately 400 billion. Almost three-quarters of these products are produced in France, Germany, Italy and the UK, with Sweden and Spain being the next largest producers.
Following a review as part of the SLIM (simpler Legislation for the Internal Market) process, an amendment to the Directive has been drafted. The main changes introduced by the amendment are summarised below. The objective of this study is to assess the net efficiency effect derived from the enforcement of the draft amendment of the Directive on electromagnetic compatibility as compared with Directive 89/336/EEC in force. That is, the sum of all the social utility gains minus the sum of all the social utility losses for each of the variables representing the changes introduced by the amendment.
Mobile Telecommunication and Health Research (MTHR)
On Friday 25 January Sir William Stewart, the Chairman of the Programme Management Committee, announced the first 15 projects, summating to approimately £4.5 million of funding, to be agreed. Technical summaries of these projects are available on the National Research Register and the WHO EMF Research Database. A second call for propsals was closed at the end of Janurary.
PAB(S)585 - Maintenance of IEC 61508: Functional Sagety of Electrical, Electronic and Programmable Electronic Safety-Related Systems
IEE comments to the British Standards Institution (BSI).
It is the IEE's view that more detailed coverage of the areas of human factors and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) should be included in this standard. Humans are only directly considered in the context of the human contribution to the building and putting into service of equipment. Human fallibility of various kinds is considered only in relation to specification, design, test and development management. However, if one is concerned about the risks of a system rather than just the contribution of equipment to risk, it is difficult to see how one can avoid the human contribution. The necessity, and the means, of taking all the possible effects of electromagnetic disturbances into account are only partially covered by the first issues of the standard. Respected guidelines are available and such guidance should be referenced and sign-posted in the standard.
CISPR restructures for multimedia and industry
CISPR, the International Special Committee on Interface, has restructured its subcommittees so that it can develop new electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards in response to rapid changes in multimedia technology.
Kenji Okazaki (Japan) has been appointed the secretary and Martin Write (UK) as chairman of the new subcommittee CISPR/I.
In a parallel more, it was agreed to merge the power and traction subcommittee into the industrial EMC subcommittee. The renewed CISPR/B under the chairmanship of Anton Kohling (Germany) will now provide a focus for industrial EMC issues.
Peter Kerry (UK) informed the meeting that he had completed his six-year term as President of CISPR. The plenary unanimously agreed to extend this for a further three years. Bernard Despres (France) to become CISPR Vice-president.
For more information visit CISPR Website
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Just Published No. 10 28/5/03
- IEC 61000-4-6 Ed. 2.0 (2003-05) - HIGHLIGHT !
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-6: Testing and measurement techniques - Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields
This part of IEC 61000-4 relates to the conducted immunity requirements of electrical and electronic equipment to electromagnetic disturbances coming from intended radio-frequency (RF) transmitters in the frequency range 9 kHz up to 80 MHz. Equipment not having at least one conducting cable (such as mains supply, signal line or earth connection) which can couple the equipment to the disturbing RF fields is excluded. The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for evaluating the functional immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1996 and its amendment 1 (2000), and constitutes a technical revision.
ICS code: 33.100.20 SC 77B 93 pages CHF 138.00 for a single-user license, and CHF 179.40 for a three-user network license
Just Published No. 8 25/4/03
- CISPR 16-1 Amd.2 Ed. 2.0 (2003-04)
Amendment 2
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 TC CIS/A 30 pages CHF 99.00
- IEC 61000-2-12 Ed. 1.0 (2003-04) - HIGHLIGHT !
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 2-12: Environment - Compatibility levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public medium-voltage power supply systems
This part of IEC 61000 is concerned with conducted disturbances in the frequency range from 0 kHz to 9 kHz, with an extension up to 148,5 kHz specifically for mains signalling systems. Compatibility levels are specified for electromagnetic disturbances of the types which can be expected in public medium voltage power supply systems, for guidance in: a) the limits to be set for disturbance emission into public power supply systems (including the planning levels defined in 3.1.5); b) the immunity limits to be set by product committees and others for the equipment exposed to the conducted disturbances present in public power supply systems. The disturbance phenomena considered are: voltage fluctuations and flicker, harmonics up to and including order 50, inter-harmonics up to the 50th harmonic, voltage distortions at higher frequencies (above 50th harmonic), voltage dips and short supply interruptions, voltage unbalance, transient overvoltages, power frequency variation, d.c. components, mains signalling. The medium-voltage systems covered by this standard are public distribution systems supplying either: a) private installations in which equipment is connected directly or through transformers, or b) substations feeding public low-voltage distribution systems. ICS code: 33.100.01 SC 77A 55 pages CHF 99.00 for a single-user license, and CHF 128.70 for a three-user network license
Just Published No. 7 11/4/03
- CISPR 11 Ed. 4.0 (2003-03) - HIGHLIGHT !
Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment - Electromagnetic disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement
The limits and methods of measurement laid down in this International Standard apply to industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) equipment, and to electro-discharge machining (EDM) and arc welding equipment. Procedures are given for the measurement of radio-frequency disturbances and limits are laid down within the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz. Requirements for ISM lighting apparatus operating in the ISM frequency bands of 915 MHz (only allowed in region 2 as defined by the ITU Radio Regulations), 2,45 GHz and 5,8 GHz are contained in this standard. Requirements for other types of lighting apparatus are covered in CISPR 15.
ICS codes: 33.100.01, 33.100.10 TC CIS/B 85 pages CHF 138.00
- CISPR 22 Ed. 4.0 (2003-04) - HIGHLIGHT !
Information technology equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement
The intention of this standard is to establish uniform requirements for the radio disturbance level of the equipment contained in the scope, to fix limits of disturbance, to describe methods of measurement and to standardize operating conditions andinterpretation of results.
ICS code: 33.100.10 TC CIS/I 133 pages CHF 187.00
- IEC 61000-6-6 Ed. 1.0 (2003-04) - HIGHLIGHT !
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-6: Generic standards - HEMP immunity for indoor equipment
This part of IEC 61000 sets high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) immunity requirements for electrical and electronic equipment intended for use indoors. The indoor HEMP environment depends on the electromagnetic shielding quality of a facility and the level of protection against the conducted environment. This standard is intended for all facility types including residential, commercial, light industrial, hospitals, heavy industrial, power substations and power generation facilities. This standard includes indoor equipment intended to be connected to a low-voltage (1 kV or less) power network, to the telecom network and/or to external antennas. Immunity test values are based on the 90 % severity levels in IEC 61000-4-25. All telecom lines are assumed to have gas-tube protectors at the point where they enter the building and insulation flashover on low-voltage lines are assumed at three times that of lightning. For signal ports connected to internal cables, severity test levels are based on cables that have a total length of 10 m and a procedure is provided for longer cables. This part of IEC 61000 does not specify safety requirements for equipment, such as protection against shock, insulation coordination, and related dielectric tests. Nevertheless, the immunity tests described in this part of IEC 61000 involve hazardous voltages. High-voltage precautions are necessary to protect the health and safety of test personnel.
ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 SC 77C 39 pages CHF 78.00 for a single-user license, and CHF 101.40 for a three-user network license
Just Published No. 6. 28/3/03
- CISPR 13 Ed. 4.1 (2003-03) - HIGHLIGHT !
Sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement
Applies to the generation of electromagnetic energy from sound and television receivers for the reception of broadcast and similar transmissions and from associated equipment. The frequency range covered extends from 9 kHz to 400 GHz.
ICS code: 33.100.10 TC CIS/I 81 pages CHF 138.00 for a single-user license, and CHF179.40 for a three-user network license
Just Published No. 3 14/2/03
- IEC 61000-4-15 Ed. 1.1 (2003-02)
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques - Section 15: Flickermeter - Functional and design specifications
Gives a functional and design specification for flicker measuring apparatus intended to indicate the correct flicker perception level for all practical voltage fluctuation waveforms. Information is presented to enable such an instrument to be constructed. A method is given for the evaluation of flicker severity on the basis of the output of flickermeters complying with this standard.ICS code: 33.100.20 SC 77A 47 pages CHF 95.00 for a single-user license, and CHF 123.50 for a three-user network license
- IEC 61000-4-30 Ed. 1.0 (2003-02) - HIGHLIGHT !
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-30: Testing and measurement techniques - Power quality measurement methods
Defines the methods for measurement and interpretation of results for power quality parameters in 50/60 Hz a.c. power supply systems. The power quality parameters considered in this standard are power frequency, magnitude of the supply voltage, flicker, supply voltage dips and swells, voltage interruptions, transient voltages, supply voltage unbalance, voltage and current harmonics and interharmonics, mains signalling on the supply voltage and rapid voltage changes. Depending on the purpose of the measurement, all or a subset of the phenomena on this list may be measured. This standard is a performance specification, not a design specification. The uncertainty tests in the ranges of influence quantities in this standard determine the performance requirements. This standard gives measurement methods but does not set thresholds.ICS code: 33.100.99 SC 77A 89 pages CHF 138.00 for a single-user license, and CHF 179.40 for a three-user network license
Just Published No. 2 31/1/03
- CISPR 13-am1 (2003-01) Ed. 4.0
Gives additional information concerning the methods of measurement of broadcast receivers for digital signals.
ICS codes: 33.100.01, 33.100.01 - SC CIS/I - 25 pages. CHF 51,00, for single user and CHF66,30 for a three user network license.
- IEC 61000-4-20 (2003-01) Ed. 1.0 - HIGHLIGHT!
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-20: Testing and measurement techniques - Emission and immunity testing in transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguides
Relates to emission and immunity test methods for electrical and electronic equipment using various types of transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguides. This includes open (for example, striplines and EMP simulators) and closed (for example, TEM cells) structures, which can be further classified as one-, two-, or multi-port TEM waveguides. The frequency range depends on the specific testing requirements and the specific TEM waveguide type.
The object of this standard is to describe
· TEM waveguide characteristics, including typical frequency ranges and EUT-size limitations;
· TEM waveguide validation methods for EMC measurements;
· the EUT (i.e. EUT cabinet and cabling) definition;
· test set-ups, procedures, and requirements for radiated emission testing in TEM waveguides and
· test set-ups, procedures, and requirements for radiated immunity testing in TEM waveguides.
ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 - SC CIS/A 129 pages. CHF 187,00, for single user and CHF243,10 for a three user network license.
Just Published No. 1 17/1/03
- IEC 61000-4-15-am1 (13 January 2003) Ed. 1.0
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques - Section 15: Flickermeter - Functional and design specifications
ICS codes: 33.100.20 -SC 77A - 21 pages. CHF 47,00, for single user and CHF 61.10 for a three user network license.
Just Published no. 22 29/11/02
- IEC/TR 61000-2-8 (2002-11) Ed. 1.0 - HIGHLIGHT !
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 2-8: Environment - Voltage dips and short interruptions on public electric power supply systems with statistical measurement results.
This technical report describes the electromagnetic disturbance phenomena of voltage dips and short interruptions in terms of their sources, effects, remedial measures, methods of measurement, and measurement results (in so far as these are available). They are discussed primarily as phenomena observed on the networks of public electricity supply systems and having an effect on electrical equipment receiving its energy supply from those systems. ICS codes: 33.100.01 - SC 77A - 89 pages. CHF138,00 , for single user and CHF179,40 for a three user network license.
Just Published no. 21 15/11/02
- CISPR 14-1 (2002-10) Consolidated Edition Ed. 4.2
Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus - Part 1: Emission.
Applies to the conduction and the radiation of radio-frequency disturbances from appliances whose main functions are performed by motors and switching or regulating devices, unless the r.f. energy is intentionally generated or intended for illumination. Includes such equipment as: household electrical appliances, electric tools, regulating controls using semiconductor devices, motor-driven electromedical apparatus, electric toys, automatic dispensing machines as well as cinema or slide projectors. ICS codes: 33.100.10 - SC CIS/F - 141 pages. CHF 187,00, for single user and CHF 243,10 for a three user network license.
- CISPR 15 (2002-10) Consolidated Edition Ed. 6.2
Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of electrical lighting and similar equipment.
Applies to the emission (radiated and conducted) of radiofrequency disturbances from:
- all lighting equipment with a primary function of generating and/or distributing light intended for illumination purposes, and intended either for connection to the low voltage electricity supply or for battery operation;
- the lighting part of multi-function equipment where one of the primary functions of this is illumination;
- independent auxiliaries exclusively for use with lighting equipment;
- UV and IR radiation equipment;
- neon advertising signs;
- street/flood lighting intended for outdoor use;
- transport lighting (installed in buses and trains).
The frequency range covered is 9 kHz to 400 GHz. ICS codes: 33.100.10 - SC CIS/F - 89 pages. CHF 138,00, for single user and CHF 179,40 for a three user network license.
- CISPR 16-2 (2002-10) Consolidated Edition Ed 1.2
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 2: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity.
The second part of CISPR 16 specifies the methods of measurement of EMC phenomena in the frequency range 9kHz to 18 GHz. It deals with disturbance measurements and immunity measurements. ICS codes: 33.100.01, 33.100.20 - SC CIS/A - 213 pages. CHF 234,00, for single user and CHF 304,20 for a three user network license.
- CISPR 20-am1 (2002-10) Ed. 5.0
Sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment - Immunity characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement.
ICS codes: 33.100.20 - SC CIS/I - 21 pages. CHF 47,00, for single user and CHF 61,10 for a three user network license.
- CISPR 22-am2 (2002-10) Ed. 3.0
Information technology equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement.
ICS codes: 33.100.10 - SC CIS/I - 7 pages. CHF 27,00, for single user and CHF 35,10 for a three user network license.
- CISPR 24-am2 (2002-10) Ed. 1.0
Information technology equipment - Immunity characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement.
ICS codes: 33.100.20 - SC CIS/I - 21 pages. CHF 47,00 , for single user and CHF 61,10 for a three user network license
- IEC/TR 61000-4-32 (2002-10) Ed. 1.0 - HIGHLIGHT !
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-32: Testing and measurement techniques - High-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) simulator compendium.
Provides information about extant system-level high-altitude EMP (HEMP) simulators and their applicability as test facilities and validation tools for immunity test requirements.
This report provides the first detailed listing of HEMP simulators throughout the worldand is the preliminary summary of this effort. It should be updated on a regular basis as the status of test facilities change. The main body of the report is a collection of datasheets describing 42 EMP simulators in 14 countries that are still operational or could be made available for use by the international community. ICS codes: 33.100.20, 33.100.99 - SC 77C - 108 pages. CHF 159,00, for single user and CHF 206,70 for a three user network license.
Just Published no. 20 25/10/02
- CISPR 16-1 (2002-10) Consolidated Edition 2.1
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus.
Specifies the characteristics and performance of equipment for the measurement of radio disturbance voltages, currents and fields in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz. In addition, requirements are specified for specialized equipment for discontinuous disturbance measurements. The requirements include the measurement of broadband and narrowband types of radio disturbance. Replaces the first edition published in 1993, amendment 1 (1997) as well as consolidated edition 1.1 (1998). ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 SC CIS/A 422pp. CHF 266,00 for single user and CHF 345,80 for a three-user network license.
- IEC 60728-2 (2002-10) Ed. 1.0
Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals - Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment.
This standard applies to the radiation characteristics and immunity to electromagnetic disturbances of active and passive equipment for the reception, processing and distribution of television, sound and interactive services signals, as dealt with in the following parts of IEC 60728 series:
- IEC 60728-3: Active coaxial wideband distribution equipment
- IEC 60728-4: Passive coaxial wideband distribution equipment
- IEC 60728-5: Headend equipment
- IEC 60728-6: Optical equipment
It covers the following frequency ranges:
- Disturbance voltage injected into the mains: 9 kHz to 30 MHz
- Radiation from active equipment: 5 MHz to 25 GHz
- Immunity of active equipment: 150 kHz to 25 GHz
It specifies requirements for maximum allowed radiation, minimum immunity and minimum screening effectiveness and describes test methods for conformance testing. ICS codes: 33.060.40, 33.100 TC 100 41pp. CHF 87,00 for single user and CHF 113,10 for a three-user network license
Just Published no. 18 27/09/02
- IEC 61000-4-3 (2002-09) Consolidated Edition 2.1
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
Applies to the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment to radiated electromagnetic energy. Establishes test levels and the required test procedures. Establishes a common reference for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields.
ICS code: 33.100.20 - SC 65A - 107pp. - CHF 159,00 for single user and CHF 206,70 for a three-user network license
Just Published no. 16 30/08/02
- CISPR 11-am2 (2002-08) Ed. 3.0
Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment - Electromagnetic disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement ICS code: 33.100.10 - SC CIS/B - 13pp. - CHF 33,00 for single user and CHF 42,90 for a three-user network license.
- CISPR/TR 16-3 (2002-08) Consolidated Edition 1.1 - HIGHLIGHT !
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 3: Reports and recommendations of CISPR
Contains recommendations on statistics of disturbance complaints, on the significance of CISPR limits, on determination of CISPR limits and other specific reports which were for some time published in CISPR 7 and 8.
ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 - SC CIS/A - 259pp. - CHF 240,00 for single user and CHF 312,00 for a three-user network license.
- CISPR 25 (2002-08) Ed. 2.0 - HIGHLIGHT!
Radio disturbance characteristics for the protection of receivers used on board vehicles, boats, and on devices - Limits and methods of measurement
This standard is designed to protect receivers from disturbances produced by conducted and radiated emissions arising in a vehicle. Test procedures and limits given are intended to provide provisional control of vehicle-radiated emissions, as well as component/module conducted/radiated emissions of long and short duration. The standard:
- establishes a test method for measuring the electromagnetic emissions from the electrical system of a vehicle;
- sets limits for the electromagnetic emissions from the electrical system of a vehicle;
- establishes test methods for testing on-board components and modules independent from the vehicle;
- sets limits for electromagnetic emissions from components to prevent objectionable disturbance to on-board receivers;
- classifies automotive components by disturbance duration to establish a range of limits. ICS code: 33.100.10 - SC CIS/D - 123pp. - CHF 187,00 for single user and CHF 243,10 for a three-user network license.
Just Published no. 15
- CISPR 14-1-am2 (2002-08) Ed. 4.0
Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements for household appliances , electric tools and similar apparatus - Part 1: Emission
ICS code: 33.100.10 - SC CIS/F - 5pp. - CHF 23,00 for single user and CHF 29,90 for a three-user network license
- CISPR 15-am2 (2002-08) Ed. 6.0
Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of electrical lighting and similar equipment
ICS code: 33.100.10 - SC CIS/F - 3pp. - CHF 22,00 for single user and CHF 28,60 for a three-user network license
- CISPR 16-1-am1 (2002-08) Ed. 2.0
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 - SC CIS/A - 17pp. - CHF 39,00 for single user and CHF 50,70 for a three-user network license
- CISPR 16-2-am2 (2002-08) Ed. 1.0
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 2: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity
ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 - SC CIS/A - 49pp. - CHF 95,00 for single user and CHF 123,50 for a three-user network license
- IEC 61000-4-3-am1 (2002-08) Ed. 2.0
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
ICS code: 33.100.20 - SC 77B - 21pp. - CHF 47,00 for single user and CHF 61,10 for a three-user network license
- IEC 61000-4-7 (2002-08) Ed. 2.0
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-7: Testing and measurement techniques - General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
This guide is applicable to instrumentation intended for measuring voltage or current components with frequencies in the range of d.c. to 2 500 Hz which are superimposed on the voltage or current at the power supply frequency. This guide is also applicable to measurement instrumentation intended for testing individual items of equipment in accordance with emission limits given in standards as well as for the measurement of harmonic voltages and current in actual supply systems. The survey of harmonics in power supply systems is of particular concern.
ICS codes: 33.100.10, 33.100.20 - SC 77A - 71pp. - CHF 125,00 for single user and CHF 162,50 for a three-user network license
Just Published no. 14 26/07/02
- IEC 61000-4-16 (2002-07) Consolidated Edition 1.1 - HIGHLIGHT !
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-16: Testing and measurement techniques - Test for immunity to conducted, common mode disturbances in the frequency range 0 Hz to 150 kHz
Establishes a common and reproducible basis for testing electrical and electronic equipment with the application of common mode disturbances to power supply, control, signal and communication ports. This standard defines test voltage and current waveform, range of test levels, test equipment, test set-up and test procedures. The test is intended to demonstrate the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to conducted, common mode disturbances such as those originating from power line currents and return leakage currents in the earthing/grounding system. ICS code: 33.100 - SC 77A - 49pp. - CHF 95,00 for single user and CHF 123,50 for a three-user network license
- IEC 61326 Corr.1 (2002-07) Ed. 2.0
Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - EMC requirements ICS codes: 25.040.40, 33.100 - SC 65A - 1p.
Just Published no.13
- IEC 61000-4-14 (2002-07) Consolidated Edition 1.1- HIGHLIGHT !
Applies to electrical and/or electronic equipment that have a rated input current up to 16 A per phase. Aims to establish a reference for evaluating the immunity of electric and/or electronic equipment when subjected to positive and negative low amplitude voltage fluctuations. Only conducted phenomena are considered, including immunity tests for equipment connected to public and industrial power supply networks. Has the status of a Basic EMC publication. ICS code: 33.100.20 - SC 77A - 29pp. - CHF 57,00 for single user and CHF 74,10 for a three-user network license
- IEC 61000-4-17 (2002-07) Consolidated Edition 1.1- HIGHLIGHT !
Defines test methods for immunity to ripple at the d.c. input power port of electrical or electronic equipment. Applies to low-voltage d.c. power ports of equipment supplied by external rectifier systems, or batteries which are being charged.
This standard defines
- test voltage waveform;
- range of test levels;
- test generator;
- test set-up;
- test procedure.
ICS code: 33.100.20 - SC 77A - 27pp. - CHF 57,00 for single user and CHF 74,10 for a three-user network license.
- IEC 61000-4-28 (2002-07) Consolidated Edition 1.1- HIGHLIGHT !
Establishes a reference for evaluating the immunity of electric and electronic equipment when subjected to variations of the power frequency. Only conducted phenomena are considered, including immunity tests for equipment connected to public and industrial networks.
ICS code: 33.100.20 - SC 77A - 25pp. - CHF 51,00 for single user and CHF 66,30 for a three-user network license.
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Attached are a selection of professional surveys covering electromagnetic compatibility. Acrobat Reader 4.0 or above is required. Download it here.
The surveys included on these pages are not produced by the Institution of Electrical Engineers. The IEE does not represent or make any warranty in respect of the accuracy of any of the information therein.
World EMC Materials and Testing Service Markets
Worldwide. Published May 2000
This Frost & Sullivan report analyses the markets for both EMC services and materials, such as shielding gaskets, tapes, paints and coatings, and shielding for printed circuit boards. By evaluating key market drivers and restraints and by providing expert forecasts for each segment, this report offers its users a comprehensive guide to the future of the EMC industry.
European Electromagnetic Compatibility Markets
UK. Published March 1999
This Frost & Sullivan report analyses all of the major product sectors in this industry, from conductive materials and parts to test and measurement equipment and services. By evaluating market trends and by presenting expert forecasts for each segment in each of nine European regional markets, this report offers readers a detailed road map to the future of this industry.
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